Free Movement of Goods Article 34 and 36 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Free Movement of Goods Article 34 and 36 - Essay Example The aspect of measures can also include the inaction of a State to stop private individuals’ acts, which prevent the free movement of goods (The College of Law 2012, p200). The ECJ described the expression of quantitative restriction as measures that amount to partial or total restraint of, based on the circumstances, exports, imports or goods in transit. There are two laws that apply in this category but in this case, the most applicable law is the outright ban enforced by a Member State (Spain) on imports from another Member State (The College of Law 2012, p201). Free Pork Ltd plans to begin selling its products in Spain have been hampered by the law that requires the sale of sausages produced from humanely reared pigs to be checked by Spanish Sausage Checkers (SSC). If the sausages are not checked by SSC, the law prohibits its sales in Spain. However, the process of verifying whether the sausages have those conditions is usually lengthy. Therefore, Free Pork can challenge t his Spanish law. There is also a law that requires the name of the company not to use words that imply health or fitness. Free Pork can also challenge this law because it restricts the importation of goods and can affect the brand image of the company. The SSC is a form of a licencing system, which according to the articles, subjects the import of merchandises to the condition of getting an import licence. Even in situations where the application for an import licence is regarded a mere formality; it is a Quantitative Restriction. This is because is simply a mechanism in which imports can be restricted. In practice, it is very rare for the Member States laws to result to quantitative restrictions. The ban on exports or imports between Member States is only found in unusual circumstances (The College of Law 2012, p201). Therefore, failure by Free Pork Ltd to meet the conditions set by the Spanish laws is an outright ban on exporting sausages to this Member State. As stated earlier, t he ban only happens in unusual circumstances, and thus, Free Pork can challenge the law because an unusual circumstance lacks, which prohibits it from exporting the goods to Spain. The directive was important in developing a brief wording of the Article 34 TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union) and it continues to offer guidance on the measures that can constitute a breach of Article 34 TFEU prohibitions. Article 2(1) of the directive describes a class of measures (for instance, national laws) that treat imported goods and domestic goods differently. They are commonly referred to as distinctly applicable measures. Article 3 of the directive describes a class of national laws that apply equally to imported and domestic products. These laws have a restrictive impact and they are commonly referred to as indistinctly applicable (The College of Law 2012, p202). Therefore, the directive classifies both indistinctly and distinctly applicable measures as measures that have a n impact equivalent to restrictions on imports. From the statement, it can be stated that a national law can become MEQR (Measures having Equivalent effect to a Quantitative Restriction) regardless of whether it â€Å"discriminates against imported products or appears to treat them in the same way as domestic products but is in

Job and Work Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Job and Work Analysis - Research Paper Example These methods include as task inventory, technical conference, job element methods, threshold trait analysis system, competency conference, and a combination of any two or more of these methods (Hartley, D.E., 1999). Job analysis takes into account the entire process of collecting and recording job-related data i.e. knowledge and skills necessary for the effective performance of the expectations of a job, duties and responsibilities involved, educational qualifications and the general experience recommended and the physical and emotional qualifications necessary to perform a job as desired. It is usually conducted to attain the particular information regarding qualifications of individuals to ensure creation of a right fit between job and employee, to perfectly assess performance of an employee, to come up with the right determinants on the worth of any particular tasks, and give analysis of the training and development requirements of the employees who are charged with the responsib ilities of delivering their specific jobs. For instance, this task undergoes through sections, with the first one being the determination of the worth of the particular job at hand. The second step would be to analyze whether the selected person is capable of delivering as is expected or determining if he/she is perfect for the job. Collection of other crucial facts and figures about the job such as location, department/ division, job duties, compensation grade, routine tasks, MIS tasks, reporting structure, being able to effectively adapt to the given environment, individual presentations e.t.c., are also to be factored in. All these partaking are for the purposes of increasing personnel as well as enhancing the organizational productivity (Sidney, F. & Steven C., 1999). This is diagrammatically illustrated as shown in the figure below: Each of the five categories in the job analysis has specific functions to carry out. Under the performance analysis, job analysis is conducted to g ive a check on the merits of goals and objectives of any particular job with regards to the standards set. This step helps in making prompt decisions on the best and realistic performance standards, evaluation criteria and individual’s output. The overall employee performance is measured, and accordingly appraised. Recruitment and selection, as another task in job analysis, facilitates the determination of the kind of individuals recommended for the performance of any particular job. Selection and recruitment points out on the educational merits, levels of experience and technical, emotional and personal skills necessary to conduct a job as per the standards required; with the main objective of ensuring the right person at the right position. Training and development needs assessment of all employees is a factor that each organization should undertaken, and the difference between actual output and the set targets determined. This technique helps in making proper decisions reg arding the necessary training contents, and the best tools and equipments to be used during the training exercise.

Microenvironment Customer Analysis Essay Example for Free

Microenvironment Customer Analysis Essay Potential customers are the key to the success of our product. In this analysis, we divided our customers into two subcategories: Individual Customers: The new trend in the hygiene industry is naturally made products as we live in a more health concerned era. There are people who are against the negative effects of chemicals in products that we use in our everyday lives, therefore there has been an increase in demand for organic products. Because of this increasing demand; in newspaper articles, on television programs and on the internet people are trying to share their natural homemade remedies. In the news we read about people who explain why they would never use shampoos or soaps again for all the chemicals they put inside and how they affect the general health. They will be our target customers. Our product is all natural, just like they want. The only difference is that instead of people making it in their houses; we will mass produce it and make it easier to access due to different ingredients that are not really easy to be found. Other than the product being completely organic, our promotion will focus on the charity work we will do with this product regarding poor people. Thus, not only the health concerned people but also the people who care about the society will be targeted. People who would like to help the homeless can do so by buying this product. Our potential weakness here is that we may not be able to promote the product as fast as we want to. It may take some time for the target customers to know about this product. Another potential weakness can be that people may approach our product with suspicion. We plan to overcome that by medical reports regarding the product. Business Customers: We are planning to promote our product to non-profit organizations that help the poor people. As it is quick and relatively cheap, it can be used not only by the homeless  people but also really poor families and children. This will create a good image for our brand and actually help people in need. We know that i t is really painful and hard for people in our country after natural disasters such as earthquakes. They become in need of really simple things and hygiene can be a part of that. Therefore we plan on targeting organizations such as KÄ ±zÄ ±lay to help the people in need by using our product. The amount of refugees living in camps in the cities of Turkey is really high. They are also in need of basic hygiene products that can be used dry. Also out of our country borders, there are people who live in really poor countries and face with many diseases because of the lack of water and hygiene. Some Turkish organizations help the people in other countries but we plan on reaching the Turkish offices of well-known global organizations as well. After the agreements with the Turkish non-profit organizations, we can have an extension to foreign markets that can help the homeless people in other countries that are having problems finding clean water or hygiene related issues. One potential problem here is that we may not be able to profit from the sales to non-profit organizations. There are two possibilities: first, we may have the most of our profit from the sales to our individual target customers by selling them with higher prices. Second possibility is that the sales to organiz ations can be so high that we would not need to change prices much. Our main goal will be planning the prices accordingly for the individual customers and organizational customers in order not to have any issues regarding the continuation of production. Also the sales to non-profit organizations will be used as a tool of advertising to help the product gain recognition. This can lead to an increase in prices later on. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS: A General Overview of the Competitive Position in the Turkish Market for Hygiene and Personal Care Products Industry Currently, and as shown by internet websites about exporters and importers of waterless cleaning products in Turkey, the products in the Turkish market consists mainly of dry waterless washing of cars and carpets. There are no products for body and hair. Therefore, we can assume that there is room for a successful market penetration if we choose the right strategy. We are operating in the hygiene industry. Therefore, we can think that our direct competitors would be the other hygiene companies which are already producing the regular body and hair care products. Indeed, even though they do not  produce dry products such as the one we are offering, they are both the materials as well as the big size, which would enable them to produce it after its launch with cheap costs. When we look at the hygiene market in Turkey, we find the usual international players such as PG, Unilever, the Body Shop, and so on. However, the market is characterized by a strong presence of Turkish companies as well such as Komili, which belongs to YÄ ±ldÄ ±z Holding, Dalan, which is one of the biggest producers and exporters of soap and personal care products in Turkey, as well as EczacÄ ±baÅŸÄ ±, which is one of Turkey’s biggest Holdings, among others. In addition, there are some multinational companies such as Colgate Palmolive who decided to invest in Turkey through an acquisition of HacÄ ± Åžakir, one of Turkey’s most famous soap producing companies. When we talk about competition, we also need to think about the ways of distributing the products. Very few companies produce and distribute their products on their own. Usually, those companies have their own shops and are international franchises such as the Body Shop, Body Care, Douglas, and Yves Roche r, among others. Most of the other companies prefer to sell their products through outlets such as Boyner and YKM, which are enabling customers to compare the products of many brands at the same time. Some other companies prefer to sell their products through super/hyper on the hygiene and personal care parts of some super/hyper markets such as PG and Unilever. All of those companies are relatively big and established ones. They have a strong brand name and market positioning. They also have an existing customer base and distribution chains. Producing and distributing our products by our own would therefore be not only difficult, but very unsustainable as the big players in the market would soon take on the idea if they find it profitable. We believe that the best way to counter the big competition is to try to find the market leaders, negotiate with them, and persuade them to add our products to their product range and distribute it in their stores or through their regular distribution channels. MACROENVIRONMENT DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The demographic environment is of major interest to marketers because it involves people, and people are the customers of our product. The population is growing during these years and the large population poses both  opportunities and threats. Our major purpose is to identify the demographic trends and developments in order to exploit the opportunities the market offers and avoid or overcome the threats we face in the market environment. In order to build a customer-driven strategy we need to analyze the changes in age and family structures, geographic population shifts, educational characteristics and population diversity. The age structure of the population is changing and our product should exploit the new market trends. For example, the so called â€Å"baby boomers† (people who were born after the World War II) are still the wealthiest generation, but they are becoming more sensitive to environmental problems, preferring green and cheap products. This could be an opportu nity to exploit in order to face the severe competition. Another part of population is made up by the â€Å"Generation X†, which is becoming more careful about prices and quality of products. These people grew up in the Internet era, and they are highly connected by using smartphones and tablets. Our strategy should exploit this opportunity by advertising our product online and creating online pages and blogs through which customers can interact and share their opinions. We have to regard also the new generations which consider technology as a way of life and, because of unemployment and financial crisis, they are becoming more sensitive to prices. Another important trend is the geographical shifts and migratory movements between and within countries. People are moving from big cities and metropolitan areas to suburbs and micropolitan areas, away from congested places. Such population shifts are very important because people in different regions and areas buy different products. Now customers are more careful about regional and local products and their purchases are often influenced by this factor. Therefore our customer-driven strategy has to exploit this trend by differentiating our product from the others not only in term of natural ingredients, but also in term of local f eatures. Further during these years the population is becoming better educated in developed countries; therefore the rising number of high-educated people will affect what customers buy and how they buy. But in many emerging markets, like in the third-world countries and undeveloped nations, people continue to live in bad conditions, without sufficient education and hygiene. Our product could be viewed as an opportunity for this base of consumers, for example for homeless people, refugees all over the world and people who are not able  to take a shower because of lack of water. Lastly, countries are becoming more global and people from different nations and cultures are often mixing together into a single, more homogenous whole. However, many of these groups have maintained their diversity in term of ethnic and cultural differences. Therefore marketers need to keep in mind the features of the new global markets but at the same time valuing and respecting diversity between different cultures. For example, our strategy should include specially designed ads to one or more of these groups. We should also diversify our promotion programs in order to take advantage of these differences and make our customers more involved in our marketing plan. -ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The economic environment is an important macro environmental force that has a strong impact on every industry, especially in developing countries such as turkey. After the global recession, which occurred in 2009, the Turkish government has been working hard in order to stabilize the economy of the country. By effect, the GDP grew by 4% since 2009, now measuring 820 billion dollar, making it the 17th country worldwide. The stabilization of the economy has raised confidence in investors, which are very much welcome from the government to make direct investments. Also Customers are more willing to spend money and this is leading to an increase in shopping, mainly in big cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Ä °zmir. This trend is very positive for our prospective, since the retail industry is one of our main selling markets. Since the economy is more stable, we are able to make more accurate forecasts about the market, and making relevant decisions about the price and the other four Ps of Marketing (Promotion, Place, and Product). In fact we can make better decisions about the quantity of products we need to produce and how we are going to promote it, since more people are interested in going into shopping malls and shopping areas. Taking a look over the exchange rates we can observe they are quite unstable; this is leading to a positive trade balance of Turkey. This means that is easy to export rather than import, which we can take in consideration for a possible future expansion of our product in other countries. Income distribution in Turkey is still unfair, with basically few people owning the most of the money. We can take advantage of this situation, since our target market are the poor  and the needy, by competing with our low cost product and improving their life conditions. Overall Turkish economic environment is favorable to our purposes and we can expect the market of the hygiene industry to grow. Also, the increase of the economy can lead to untapped opportunities and to a growth of demand for ou r product. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The body hygiene products are not what they used to be. In the past, the cleansing agent was soap, which could dry out your scalp and leave a scum that doesnt rinse away. Today technology for hair and body care products has changed, even though there is still a lot to be done. Which is exactly what we did by coming up with this product. For example, almost all shampoos and body hygiene products nowadays contain chemicals like silicones that give a hair and skin soft feel, and help it retain moisture. This is not healthy or natural and has negative effects. These days, people are more conscious about what goes on with their skin and hair because they know that using chemicals like silicones and alcohol has bad effects on skin, hair and general body health. Therefore, technological environment is also changing according to peoples demand more on healthier body hygiene products. Since technology for this industry is changing, and growing, we will use this opportunity and develop our healthy hair and body care product avoiding harmful chemicals.

Moving Object Detection Video Images Using Matlab Computer Science Essay

Moving Object Detection Video Images Using Matlab Computer Science Essay Moving object detection is an important research topic of computer vision and video processing areas. Detection of moving objects In video streams is the first relevant step of information extraction in many computer vision applications.. This paper puts forward an improved background subtraction of moving object detection of fixed camera condition. Then combining the adaptive background subtraction with symmetrical differencing obtains the integrity foreground image. Using chromaticity difference to eliminate the shadow of the moving target, effectively distinguishes moving shadow and moving target. The results show that the algorithm could quickly establish the background model and detect integrity moving target rapidly. Moving object detection is an important part of digital image processing techniques and it is the base of the many following sophisticated processing task such as target recognition and tracking, target classification, behavior understanding and analysis .Aside from the intrinsic usefulness of being able to segment video streams into moving and background components, detecting moving objects provides a focus of attention for recognition, classification and activity analysis. The technology has a wide application prospect such as smart monitor, autonomous navigation, human computer interaction, virtual reality and so on. This paper studies the method of obtaining the data of moving object from video images by background extraction. Object detection requires two steps: background extraction and object extraction. Moving object detection needs static background image. Since each frame of video image has moving object then background extraction is necessary. Each frame image subtracting the background image can get the moving object image. This is object extraction. Then the moving object detection can be achieved. This paper firstly introduces two moving object detection algorithms of fixed scenes frame difference method and moving edge method and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and then presents a new algorithm based on them, lastly gives the experimental results and analysis Background extraction of moving object Background extraction means that the background, the static scene, is extracted from the video image. Because the camera is fixed, each pixel of the image has a corresponding background value which is basically fixed over a period of time. Well known issues in background extraction include 1)Light changes: background model should adapt to gradual illumination changes. 2)Moving background: background model should include changing background that is not of interest for visual surveillance such as moving trees 3) Cast shadows: the background model should include the shadow cast by the moving objects that apparently behaves itself moving in order to have a more accurate detection of moving object shape. 4)Bootstrapping: the background model should be properly setup even in absence of a complete and static training set at the beginning of the segment 5) Camouflage: moving objects should be detected even if their chromatic features are similar to those of thebackground model. . Calculation of consecutive frames subtraction The method utilizes current two frames or the differences between the current frame and its previous frame to extract a motion region. In this paper, we adopt its improvement methods namely symmetrical differencing, that means image differences of the three current frames. This method can remove effects of unveiling background which is caused by motion, accurately obtain contour of moving targets. In the conventional background subtraction method, a fixed reference background model for the intended surveillance area is constructed in advance. The conventional background subtraction method extracts moving targets based on the difference between the current image and the reference background model. It works well for applications in controlled environments, in which a constant illumination scenario can be achieved artificially. However, for other visual tracking applications such as traffic monitoring and security/surveillance, the illumination conditions change over time so that a fixed reference background model is not realistic and may eventually lead to a detection failure. Consequently, construction and maintenance of a reliable and accurate reference background model is crucial in background subtraction based motion detection approaches. Figure 1 algorithm for background subtraction Typical moving object detection algorithms Frame difference method To detect moving object in the surveillance video captured by immobile camera, the simplest method is the frame difference method for the reason that it has great detection speed, can be implemented on hardware easily and has been used widely. While detecting moving object by frame difference method, in the difference image, the unchanged part is eliminated while the changed part remains. This change is caused by movement or noise, so it calls for a binary process upon the difference image to distinguish the moving objects and noise. Connected component labeling is also needed to acquire the smallest rectangle containing the moving objects. The noise is assumed as Gaussian white noise in calculating the threshold of the binary process. According to the theory of statistics, there is hardly any pixel which has dispersion more than 3 times of standard deviation. Thus the threshold is calculated as following: T â‚ ¬Ã‚ ½Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  u â‚ ¬Ã‚ «Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  3 ¶ While u is the mean of the difference image  ¶ â‚ ¬Ã‚  is the standard deviation of the difference image. The flow chart of the detecting process by frame method is shown in fig 2 Fig 2 Frame Differencing Method Moving edge method Difference image can be regarded as time gradient, while edge image is space gradient. Moving edge can be defined by the logic AND operation of difference image and the edge image . The advantage of frame difference method is its small calculation, and the disadvantage is that it is sensitive to the noise. If the objects do not move but the brightness of the background changes, the results of frame difference methods may be not accurate enough. Since the edge has no relation with the brightness, moving edge method can overcome the disadvantage of frame difference method. The flow chart of the detecting process by moving edge method is shown in fig 3 Fig 3. Moving edge method Improved Moving object detection algorithm based on frame difference and edge detection Moving edge method can effectively suppress the noise caused by light, but it still has some misjudgments to some other noise. This paper proposes an improved algorithm based on frame difference and edge detection. Upon analysis, the method has better noise suppression and higher detection accuracy. 1. Algorithm introduction The flow chart of the detection process by using the method based on frame difference and edge detection presented in this paper Fig 4. Improved Algorithm The steps of new algorithm presented in this paper are as follows. (1) Get edge images Ek-1 and Ek by edge detection with two continuous frames Fk-1 and Fk by using Canny edge detector. (2) Get edge difference image Dk by difference between Ek and Ek-1. (3) Divide edge difference image Dk into some certain small blocks and count the number of non-zero pixels in the block, and recorded it as Sk. (4) If Sk is larger than the threshold, mark the block is a moving area, otherwise it is a static area. Let 1 presents moving area and 0 presents static area, we can get a matrix M. (5) Do connected components labeling to M, and remove the connected components that are too small. (6) Get the smallest rectangles containing the moving objects. The algorithm has improved both the object Segmentation and object locating. .2 Object segmentation Object segmentation is to divide the image into moving area and static area. The algorithm presented in this paper will get the edge images first,then difference them to get the edge difference image. In thefinal image we get, the pixel value of background area equal to 0 and pixel value of the edge of movingobjects equal to 1. Now we will compare the difference between our algorithm and moving edge method (1) In moving edge method, assume two continuous frames are Fk-1 and Fk, background is B, moving objects are Mk-1 and Mk, and independent white noise is Nk-1 and Nk for two frames each. Then we can have So we can get the difference between two frames: Use Canny edge detection with frames Fk. We can get edge image Ek. Then we can get the result: EMk, ENk are edge images caused by Mk and Nk each. Define signal noise ratio is While SEM is the number of edges caused by moving objects, and SEN is the number of edges caused by noise. Then we know the SNR of the moving edge method is (2) In our method, we first get edge images by edge detector: Then by difference we get Since in the practical system, the difference between two edge images is absolute value of the difference value and the edges of two images are not the same when the objects are moving So actually in the edge difference image we can have the sum of the edges of two frames. Because the noise is independent and two frames are dependent with each other, we can have The SNR in our algorithm is It shows that the SNR in our algorithm is less than the moving edge method. Our method will work more efficiently. 3..Detection of moving cast shadows To prevent the moving shadows being misclassified as moving objects or parts of moving objects, this paper represents an explicit method of detection of moving cast shadows on a dominating scene background. These shadows are generated by objects between a light source and the background. Moving cast shadows cause a frame difference between two succeeding images of a monocular video image sequence. For shadow detection these frame differences are detected and classified into regions covered and regions uncovered by a moving shadow. The detection and classification assume plane background and a non negligible size and intensity of light sources. A cast shadow is detected by temporal integration of the covered background regions while subtracting the covered background regions. The shadow detection method is integrated into an algorithm for 2D shape estimation of moving objects. The extended segmentation algorithm compensates first apparent camera motion. then a spatially adaptive relax ation scheme estimates a change detection mask for two consecutive images. An object mask is derived from the change detection mask by elimination of changes due to background uncovered by moving objects and the elimination of changes due to background covered or uncovered by moving cast shadows. Experimental results and analysis In this paper, an improved moving object detection algorithm based on frame difference and edge detection is brought forward The operating environment is Windows XP. Programming environment is Matlab 8.0. Size of the sequence image is 640ÃÆ'-480. Partial stimulation results are as follows. From the results we can see that the improved moving object detection algorithm based on frame difference and edge detection has much greater recognition rate and higher detection speed than several classical algorithms. This algorithm will appear individual false under more complicated background.There is still room for improvement. V. Conclusion This paper presents an improved moving object detection algorithm based on frame difference and edge detection. This method not only retains the small calculation from frame difference method and the impregnability of light from edge detection method, but also improves in noise restraining. Meanwhile, it divides the image to small blocks to do connected component labeling, significantly speeding up the detection. Experimental results show that the algorithm has great recognition rate, high speed, and will be a good candidate for practical systems Acknowledgment I would like to thank my guide Prof.(Dr).A.P.Dhande the constant encouragement assistance he provided me at every stage of the preparation of this paper. I am very grateful to Mr.Mahesh Khadtare for his valuable suggestions and help during this paper implementation. .

Nuclear Energy is Safe and Clean Essay -- Power Plant Energy Safety

Abstract Nuclear energy is a promising source of electricity for the future. Although there are many people against it, it is only because many do not know of the progresses nuclear energy has made since it was started. Nuclear energy has become one of the cleanest sources of energy with minimum radiation. These are such small quantities that we receive only about .5 millirems of it yearly while nature sums it up to 360 millirems for the average person. Many of us shy away from nuclear energy due to fear caused by ignorance but with some patience and research one can realize the potential that nuclear power has and how it can shape a new era in the future. It is an energy source with massive amounts of energy as a byproduct of its fission and over the years we have acquired the technology not only to harness it but to make it a renewable resource as well to fast breeders. Nuclear power may seem like a heavy investment but it is a change much needed for the growing economy and dependence on el ectricity. Introduction Nuclear energy has proven itself to be a clean source of energy; yet, fear of radiation has kept its use from becoming more expansive. Nuclear energy is one of the newer types of energy sources used yet ignorance over the true dangers of nuclear energy causes the public to push away a potential energy source. Fear of radiation is illogical because everyone is exposed to background radiation every day. We receive radiation from cosmic rays, outer space, radon gas, and from naturally radioactive elements in the earth. Each year in the United States, the average dose to people from natural and man-made radiation sources is about 360 millirem.(mrem)(Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management) Millirems are units o... ...er types of breeder reactors are the LMFBR’s or the liquid metal fast breeder reactors. These reactors are either lead cooled or sodium cooled. These types of reactors place more emphasis in the fact that nuclear power has become safer and more efficient to where no matter the disadvantages the advantages greatly outnumber the costs of using nuclear energy. References Brain, Marshall. (2015) "How Nuclear Power Works" Web. 29 May 2015. http://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-power.htm McCarthy, J. (2013) Web. 29 May 2015. http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/progress/nuclear-faq.html Thomas, Steve. "The Economics of Nuclear Power." (2005) Web. 29 May 2015. http://www.nirs.org/c20/atommythen_thomas.pdf Timeline - Greatest Engineering Achievements of the Twentieth Century. (2015) Web. 29 May 2015. http://www.greatachievements.org/?id=2984

Chaucer on the Web :: Geoffrey Chaucer Internet Essays

Chaucer on the Web It has been only a few years since the Internet has become available to most of us. Since then, it has played an amazing role, and it changes our lives every day. We use the Internet to communicate with friends, to check news, and to find information. The Web contains a great amount of data about everything, and Geoffrey Chaucer is one popular subject. There are hundreds of sites dedicated to this great poet who was born in London between 1340 and 1345. The Harvard site describes his very busy official life: â€Å"He held positions as an esquire of the royal court, as the controller of the customs for the port of the royal court, as the controller of the customs for the port of London, as a participant in important diplomatic missions, and in a variety of other official duties.† Chaucer was an important diplomat, yet he also became known as a great poet and The Canterbury Tales made him famous. There are many sites about this author, of which three caught my interest. Each sit e has a different layout, format and information. Joseph P. Thomas defines Chaucer’s life at http://www.newadvent.org: â€Å"John Chaucer, Geoffrey’s father, was a vintner and his mother Agnes was a heiress. John was connected with the Court, and once saw Flanders in the royal trim. Geoffrey was well educated, but whether he entered at either university remains unknown.† Chaucer married above his class to Philippa Roet who was a daughter of Sir Paon or Payne de Roioet Guienne, the knight at arms. They had three children, and their marriage was unhappy. Thomas inserted a lot of detailed information about Chaucer’s work, although his site is unattractive. The text is plain without any pictures, frames, or interactive sites. This web site is not easy to read and is unappealing, although it is a very useful tool in a search for details about Chaucer’s life and his time. The Luminarium organization at http://www.

“the Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Self expression is one of humanity’s greatest gifts. It is very important that humans express themselves in many different ways, whether it is writing in a journal, painting, singing, or just speaking with someone. Holding in one’s feelings can be unhealthy and it can lead to depression, anxiety, or insanity. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the narrator, an upper-class woman rebels against her husband’s â€Å"cure† for her depression, which forbade her to exercise her imagination. She keeps a secret journal in which she records her thoughts and fascination about the yellow wallpaper. As a result of the mental restrictions placed upon her, she loses control over reality. Writing in a journal can be used as a tool to express oneself. A journal can become a safe space to help release anxious thoughts and negative feelings. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper, the narrator writes in her journal, â€Å"I cry at nothing, and cry most of the time. Of course I don’t when John is here, or anybody else, but when I am alone. And I am alone a good deal just now (Gilman 428). One may suggest that the narrator is a very lonely person who hides her true feelings from her husband and everyone else. Her husband shows no interest of her thoughts or concerns for the conditions she is living under. So she continues to hide her depression and uses a journal as her emotional outlet, but her imagination gets the best of her. Not expressing oneself can consequently lead to depression, anxiety, or insanity. For this reason it is important to exercise one’s imagination. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, the narrator is forbidden to do anything active and to not exercise her mind in any way. She directs her attention towards the yellow wallpaper and becomes obsessive over it. â€Å"All night in any kind of light, in twilight, candlelight, lamplight, and worst of all by moonlight it becomes bars! The outside pattern I mean, and the women behind it is as plain as can be† (431). The narrator feels enclosed in her room and thinks the patterns in the wallpaper are bars of a cage. She stares at the wallpaper for long periods of time and discovers a woman behind the pattern. One may suggest that she is the women behind the patterns trying to break free. In her last journal entry, she stated, â€Å"I pulled and she shook, I shook and she pulled, and before morning we had peeled yards of that paper† (433). Peeling off â€Å"that paper† on could suggest that she is unraveling the pattern of her domesticated life. Furthermore, in order for the narrator to understand herself, she loses her sanity.